Type B Aortic Dissection
Type B aortic dissection is a serious medical condition characterized by a tear in the inner layer of the aortic wall, which leads to the formation of a false lumen (a new channel within the aorta) that can extend along the aorta. This type of dissection typically occurs in the descending aorta, which is the part of the aorta that runs from the left subclavian artery to the diaphragm. Type B aortic dissection is classified according to the Stanford classification system, which categorizes aortic dissections based on their location and involvement of the aortic arch.
Causes and Risk Factors
- Hypertension: High blood pressure is the most significant risk factor for Type B aortic dissection, as it puts excessive strain on the aortic wall.
- Atherosclerosis: The buildup of fatty deposits in the aorta can weaken the vessel wall and contribute to dissection.
- Connective Tissue Disorders: Genetic conditions such as Marfan syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, and Loeys-Dietz syndrome increase the risk of aortic dissection due to abnormalities in the connective tissue.
- Aortic Aneurysm: Pre-existing aneurysms can predispose individuals to dissection.
- Trauma: Severe chest trauma, such as from a car accident or fall, can cause aortic dissection.
- Age: The risk of dissection increases with age, particularly in individuals over 60.
- Family History: A family history of aortic dissection or other cardiovascular diseases may increase the risk.
